De vs del in Spanish: when ‘de’ becomes ‘del’

There is no difference in meaning: del is simply de + el joined into one word. The contraction is required whenever de is immediately followed by the masculine singular article el. With la, los, las you keep the two words separate.

After de comes Result Example
el (masc. sing.) del (required) la puerta del cochethe car door
la de la la puerta de la casathe door of the house
los / las de los / de las el nombre de los niñosthe name of the children

What “de” means in the first place

De covers possession (“of”, “‘s”), origin (“from”) and material (“made of”). The contraction question only appears when an article el follows it.

el libro de María
María’s book

Soy de México.
I’m from Mexico.

Contract de + el into del

When the next word is the masculine singular el, you must write del. Saying de el in this case sounds wrong to native ears.

la llave del coche
the key of the car

Vengo del trabajo.
I’m coming from work.

Keep de la, de los, de las apart

The contraction is only with el. The feminine and plural articles never merge with de.

la puerta de la casa
the door of the house

los juguetes de los niños
the children’s toys

Two cases that look like el but are not

Do not contract when él is the pronoun “him” (it has an accent), and do not contract a proper name whose El is part of the name.

Este regalo es de él.
This gift is from him.

Vengo de El Salvador.
I’m coming from El Salvador.

Common mistakes

Writing “de el” before a masculine noun

The contraction is obligatory, not optional, with the article el.

la casa de el profesor → la casa del profesor
the teacher’s house

Contracting with the feminine or plural article

De la, de los and de las stay as two words.

la madre dela niña → la madre de la niña
the girl’s mother

Merging de with the pronoun él

The accented pronoun él (him) never contracts.

Es del. → Es de él.
It’s his / from him.

This contraction is the twin of a + el = al, which you sort out in a vs en, and it leans on knowing the gender from el vs la. In Fluera you build these little phrases of possession and origin inside full sentences, so del versus de la becomes a sound you recognize. Use that when you practice Spanish and the contraction takes care of itself.

Practice

De or del?

Question 1 of 10

la llave ___ coche (de + el, masculine)

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between de and del in Spanish?
There is no difference in meaning. Del is the required contraction of de + el before a masculine singular noun: la llave del coche. You only keep de separate before la, los, las or a noun with no article.
Is del optional or obligatory?
It is obligatory. When de is directly followed by the article el, you must write del; de el coche is incorrect. The only "el" that does not contract is the accented pronoun él (him): de él.
Why don't we contract de la or de los?
The contraction exists only with the masculine singular el. The feminine and plural articles stay separate: de la casa, de los niños, de las flores.